Analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to determine genetic diversity within the populations of herb-Paris plant from Lithuania and Norway. RAPD analyses have shown 21.9 ± 5.2% of polymorphic loci in the total sample. Polymorphism level in Norwegian sample was 20.3 ± 5.0%, and in the Lithuanian one was 21.9 ± 5.2%. The proportion of distinguishable RAPD phenotypes in Lithuania was 0.52 ± 0.03 and in Norway 0.24 ± 0.03. For the total sample, Shannon’s Information Index was 0.59 and Nei’s gene diversity 0.41. The estimated total proportion of diversity among populations (G_ST) and gene flow (Nm) were 0.67 and 0.245, respectively. In Norway G_ST was 0.64 and Nm was 0.28, whereas in Lithuania G_ST was 0.42 and Nm was 0.68. The UPGMA analyses have revealed that Lithuanian and Norwegian populations of herb-Paris are clearly separated into two clusters. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the majority of molecular variation (41%) was due to variation between geographical regions (Lithuania and Norway), 37% of molecular variation was due to variation among individuals within the populations, and only 22% of variation was estimated to be due to variation between populations. In Lithuania, 68% of molecular variation was due to variation within populations, 32% due to variation between populations (Ф_PT = 0.32), whereas in Norway the proportions were 49% and 51% (Ф_PT = 0.51), respectively. Thus, the estimated parameters indicated a higher genetic diversity in Lithuanian populations of herb-Paris than in Norwegian ones.

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