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Ekologija / Ecology

ISSN 0235-7224
ISSN 2029-0586 (online)

2009 m. Nr. 2

On the biology of Simulium galeratum in Lithuania: ecological and molecular data
Rasa BERNOTIENĖ, Virmantas STUNŽĖNAS

Simulium reptans (L.) is a species of blackfly widely distributed in all Palaearctic. Till 2000, two species from the S. reptans group were recorded in Lithuania: S. reptans (L. 1758) and S. galeratum Edw., 1920.

Rubstov (1956) claimed that S. reptans and S. galeratum were different species as they differed in some morphological parameters and in biology. Edwards (1920) recognized that S. reptans occurs as two distinct larval morphotypes, but he did not consider them to be different species. Crosskey & Howard (2004) and other authors (Davies, 1968) regard the name galeratum as a synonym of S. reptans, so only one species of blackfly from the Simulium reptans group (S. reptans (L. 1758)) has been recorded in Lithuania (Pakalniškis et al., 2006). New molecular data on the taxonomy of Simulium reptans from Britain confirmed the species status of the blackfly S. galeratum (Day et al., 2008).

According to the majority of morphological characters (head capsule pigmentation, larval length), blackflies of the S. reptans group in Lithuania belong to the S. galeratum morphotype. The biology of S. reptans in Lithuania was similar to the biology of S. galeratum according to Rubtsov. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA COI gene sequences showed that all haplotypes from Lithuania belonged to S. galeratum and not to S. reptans blackfly species.

Keywords: Simulium reptans, galeratum, Lithuania, mitochondrial DNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)

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